Jupiter the largest Planet

Jupiter the largest Planet

    Jupiter is largest made of liquids, gases and swirling clouds of hydrogen and hilum. These liquids and gases become denser and denser as we move towards the planet’s center. Jupiter is the largest planet in the solar system with a diameter of 1,42,884 kilometres, which is 318 times that of Earth. Besides this it is takes only 9 hours and 50 minuts to complete one rotation. 

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    Different parts of its surface rotate at different times, as an example the largest red spot on Jupiter’s surface takes an extra five to seven minutes to rotate. Similarly the over white cloud on its surface has a different speed of its own. The central or equatorial region of Jupiter bulges outward by about 5000 kilometres as a result of the centrifugal force. It is a cold planet with temperatures as low as –150° centegrade.

    In orbit at 778 million kilometres from the Sun, Jupiter at a speed of 13.1 kilometres per scond takes 11.85 years to revolve on its path around the Sun. Jupiter is more like a minilature solar system on its own since it has 16 moons some of which are very large in size and amingst these the smallest moon in only about 15 kilometers or less in diameter. The moons were discovered by Galileo Galilei and he had then called the four bright moons he saw as the ‘Medicean stars’. The surface gravity on this planet is 2.64 times that of Earth.

    The first spacecraft to fly past Jupiter in 1973 was the pioneer X, follow by the Pioneer XI in the year 1979 and suvsequently the Voyager I and Voyager II. Jupiter has shown a pattern of changing its colours over times, two belts on Jupiter’s surface change colour from red to brown to grey and then at times to blue, this effect occurs once in 12 years. From the 17th of July,  1994 onward Jupiter was bombarded by 19 pieces of the comet Shoemaker Levy which was on a collision cource with this planet. Each of the collisions generated heat in excess of 30,000° centigrade and an explosion in excess of 13,000 billion megatons of TNT and left scars on the surface of Jupiter.