The Ottoman Empire was founded by Turkish tribes which settled in modern day Turkey. The empire was named after the first sultan called Osman. The Ottomans were basically Muslims but they allowed other religions to flourish in their empire. One of their most famous rulers was Suleiman-I.
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During his reign he reformed the legal and educational system and the empire extended all along Northern Africa and Egypt in the south, the area between Italy, black sea, Persian gulf and the Caspian sea in the north and east. The borders of the empire was maintained with the help of a skilled army of ‘Janissaries’ and art, architecture and trading flourished in this period. Over the later years regular attacks from the Russians in the East and the Europeans in the North weakened the empire and it fell in the end of the 19th century.
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